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| Sql Database |
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SQL Keywords
- SQL Server uses reserved words for database operations.
- Reserved keywords are part of the SQL Server T-SQL grammar.
- SQL Server has claimed current and future reserved words.
- Keywords can be used as identifiers by placing them between [].
Current T-SQL Keywords
| ADD | EXCEPT | PERCENT |
| ALL | EXEC | PLAN |
| ALTER | EXECUTE | PRECISION |
| AND | EXISTS | PRIMARY |
| ANY | EXIT | PRINT |
| AS | FETCH | PROC |
| ASC | FILE | PROCEDURE |
| AUTHORIZATION | FILLFACTOR | PUBLIC |
| BACKUP | FOR | RAISERROR |
| BEGIN | FOREIGN | READ |
| BETWEEN | FREETEXT | READTEXT |
| BREAK | FREETEXTTABLE | RECONFIGURE |
| BROWSE | FROM | REFERENCES |
| BULK | FULL | REPLICATION |
| BY | FUNCTION | RESTORE |
| CASCADE | GOTO | RESTRICT |
| CASE | GRANT | RETURN |
| CHECK | GROUP | REVOKE |
| CHECKPOINT | HAVING | RIGHT |
| CLOSE | HOLDLOCK | ROLLBACK |
| CLUSTERED | IDENTITY | ROWCOUNT |
| COALESCE | IDENTITY_INSERT | ROWGUIDCOL |
| COLLATE | IDENTITYCOL | RULE |
| COLUMN | IF | SAVE |
| COMMIT | IN | SCHEMA |
| COMPUTE | INDEX | SELECT |
| CONSTRAINT | INNER | SESSION_USER |
| CONTAINS | INSERT | SET |
| CONTAINSTABLE | INTERSECT | SETUSER |
| CONTINUE | INTO | SHUTDOWN |
| CONVERT | IS | SOME |
| CREATE | JOIN | STATISTICS |
| CROSS | KEY | SYSTEM_USER |
| CURRENT | KILL | TABLE |
| CURRENT_DATE | LEFT | TEXTSIZE |
| CURRENT_TIME | LIKE | THEN |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | LINENO | TO |
| CURRENT_USER | LOAD | TOP |
| CURSOR | NATIONAL | TRAN |
| DATABASE | NOCHECK | TRANSACTION |
| DBCC | NONCLUSTERED | TRIGGER |
| DEALLOCATE | NOT | TRUNCATE |
| DECLARE | NULL | TSEQUAL |
| DEFAULT | NULLIF | UNION |
| DELETE | OF | UNIQUE |
| DENY | OFF | UPDATE |
| DESC | OFFSETS | UPDATETEXT |
| DISK | ON | USE |
| DISTINCT | OPEN | USER |
| DISTRIBUTED | OPENDATASOURCE | VALUES |
| DOUBLE | OPENQUERY | VARYING |
| DROP | OPENROWSET | VIEW |
| DUMMY | OPENXML | WAITFOR |
| DUMP | OPTION | WHEN |
| ELSE | OR | WHERE |
| END | ORDER | WHILE |
| ERRLVL | OUTER | WITH |
| ESCAPE | OVER | WRITETEXT |
| ADD |
| EXCEPT |
| PERCENT |
| ALL |
| EXEC |
| PLAN |
| ALTER |
| EXECUTE |
| PRECISION |
| AND |
| EXISTS |
| PRIMARY |
| ANY |
| EXIT |
| PRINT |
| AS |
| FETCH |
| PROC |
| ASC |
| FILE |
| PROCEDURE |
| AUTHORIZATION |
| FILLFACTOR |
| PUBLIC |
| BACKUP |
| FOR |
| RAISERROR |
| BEGIN |
| FOREIGN |
| READ |
| BETWEEN |
| FREETEXT |
| READTEXT |
| BREAK |
| FREETEXTTABLE |
| RECONFIGURE |
| BROWSE |
| FROM |
| REFERENCES |
| BULK |
| FULL |
| REPLICATION |
| BY |
| FUNCTION |
| RESTORE |
| CASCADE |
| GOTO |
| RESTRICT |
| CASE |
| GRANT |
| RETURN |
| CHECK |
| GROUP |
| REVOKE |
| CHECKPOINT |
| HAVING |
| RIGHT |
| CLOSE |
| HOLDLOCK |
| ROLLBACK |
| CLUSTERED |
| IDENTITY |
| ROWCOUNT |
| COALESCE |
| IDENTITY_INSERT |
| ROWGUIDCOL |
| COLLATE |
| IDENTITYCOL |
| RULE |
| COLUMN |
| IF |
| SAVE |
| COMMIT |
| IN |
| SCHEMA |
| COMPUTE |
| INDEX |
| SELECT |
| CONSTRAINT |
| INNER |
| SESSION_USER |
| CONTAINS |
| INSERT |
| SET |
| CONTAINSTABLE |
| INTERSECT |
| SETUSER |
| CONTINUE |
| INTO |
| SHUTDOWN |
| CONVERT |
| IS |
| SOME |
| CREATE |
| JOIN |
| STATISTICS |
| CROSS |
| KEY |
| SYSTEM_USER |
| CURRENT |
| KILL |
| TABLE |
| CURRENT_DATE |
| LEFT |
| TEXTSIZE |
| CURRENT_TIME |
| LIKE |
| THEN |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
| LINENO |
| TO |
| CURRENT_USER |
| LOAD |
| TOP |
| CURSOR |
| NATIONAL |
| TRAN |
| DATABASE |
| NOCHECK |
| TRANSACTION |
| DBCC |
| NONCLUSTERED |
| TRIGGER |
| DEALLOCATE |
| NOT |
| TRUNCATE |
| DECLARE |
| NULL |
| TSEQUAL |
| DEFAULT |
| NULLIF |
| UNION |
| DELETE |
| OF |
| UNIQUE |
| DENY |
| OFF |
| UPDATE |
| DESC |
| OFFSETS |
| UPDATETEXT |
| DISK |
| ON |
| USE |
| DISTINCT |
| OPEN |
| USER |
| DISTRIBUTED |
| OPENDATASOURCE |
| VALUES |
| DOUBLE |
| OPENQUERY |
| VARYING |
| DROP |
| OPENROWSET |
| VIEW |
| DUMMY |
| OPENXML |
| WAITFOR |
| DUMP |
| OPTION |
| WHEN |
| ELSE |
| OR |
| WHERE |
| END |
| ORDER |
| WHILE |
| ERRLVL |
| OUTER |
| WITH |
| ESCAPE |
| OVER |
| WRITETEXT |
Future T-SQL Keywords
| ABSOLUTE | FOUND | PRESERVE |
| ACTION | FREE | PRIOR |
| ADMIN | GENERAL | PRIVILEGES |
| AFTER | GET | READS |
| AGGREGATE | GLOBAL | REAL |
| ALIAS | GO | RECURSIVE |
| ALLOCATE | GROUPING | REF |
| ARE | HOST | REFERENCING |
| ARRAY | HOUR | RELATIVE |
| ASSERTION | IGNORE | RESULT |
| AT | IMMEDIATE | RETURNS |
| BEFORE | INDICATOR | ROLE |
| BINARY | INITIALIZE | ROLLUP |
| BIT | INITIALLY | ROUTINE |
| BLOB | INOUT | ROW |
| BOOLEAN | INPUT | ROWS |
| BOTH | INT | SAVEPOINT |
| BREADTH | INTEGER | SCROLL |
| CALL | INTERVAL | SCOPE |
| CASCADED | ISOLATION | SEARCH |
| CAST | ITERATE | SECOND |
| CATALOG | LANGUAGE | SECTION |
| CHAR | LARGE | SEQUENCE |
| CHARACTER | LAST | SESSION |
| CLASS | LATERAL | SETS |
| CLOB | LEADING | SIZE |
| COLLATION | LESS | SMALLINT |
| COMPLETION | LEVEL | SPACE |
| CONNECT | LIMIT | SPECIFIC |
| CONNECTION | LOCAL | SPECIFICTYPE |
| CONSTRAINTS | LOCALTIME | SQL |
| CONSTRUCTOR | LOCALTIMESTAMP | SQLEXCEPTION |
| CORRESPONDING | LOCATOR | SQLSTATE |
| CUBE | MAP | SQLWARNING |
| CURRENT_PATH | MATCH | START |
| CURRENT_ROLE | MINUTE | STATE |
| CYCLE | MODIFIES | STATEMENT |
| DATA | MODIFY | STATIC |
| DATE | MODULE | STRUCTURE |
| DAY | MONTH | TEMPORARY |
| DEC | NAMES | TERMINATE |
| DECIMAL | NATURAL | THAN |
| DEFERRABLE | NCHAR | TIME |
| DEFERRED | NCLOB | TIMESTAMP |
| DEPTH | NEW | TIMEZONE_HOUR |
| DEREF | NEXT | TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
| DESCRIBE | NO | TRAILING |
| DESCRIPTOR | NONE | TRANSLATION |
| DESTROY | NUMERIC | TREAT |
| DESTRUCTOR | OBJECT | TRUE |
| DETERMINISTIC | OLD | UNDER |
| DICTIONARY | ONLY | UNKNOWN |
| DIAGNOSTICS | OPERATION | UNNEST |
| DISCONNECT | ORDINALITY | USAGE |
| DOMAIN | OUT | USING |
| DYNAMIC | OUTPUT | VALUE |
| EACH | PAD | VARCHAR |
| END-EXEC | PARAMETER | VARIABLE |
| EQUALS | PARAMETERS | WHENEVER |
| EVERY | PARTIAL | WITHOUT |
| EXCEPTION | PATH | WORK |
| EXTERNAL | POSTFIX | WRITE |
| FALSE | PREFIX | YEAR |
| FIRST | PREORDER | ZONE |
| FLOAT | PREPARE | |
| ABSOLUTE |
| FOUND |
| PRESERVE |
| ACTION |
| FREE |
| PRIOR |
| ADMIN |
| GENERAL |
| PRIVILEGES |
| AFTER |
| GET |
| READS |
| AGGREGATE |
| GLOBAL |
| REAL |
| ALIAS |
| GO |
| RECURSIVE |
| ALLOCATE |
| GROUPING |
| REF |
| ARE |
| HOST |
| REFERENCING |
| ARRAY |
| HOUR |
| RELATIVE |
| ASSERTION |
| IGNORE |
| RESULT |
| AT |
| IMMEDIATE |
| RETURNS |
| BEFORE |
| INDICATOR |
| ROLE |
| BINARY |
| INITIALIZE |
| ROLLUP |
| BIT |
| INITIALLY |
| ROUTINE |
| BLOB |
| INOUT |
| ROW |
| BOOLEAN |
| INPUT |
| ROWS |
| BOTH |
| INT |
| SAVEPOINT |
| BREADTH |
| INTEGER |
| SCROLL |
| CALL |
| INTERVAL |
| SCOPE |
| CASCADED |
| ISOLATION |
| SEARCH |
| CAST |
| ITERATE |
| SECOND |
| CATALOG |
| LANGUAGE |
| SECTION |
| CHAR |
| LARGE |
| SEQUENCE |
| CHARACTER |
| LAST |
| SESSION |
| CLASS |
| LATERAL |
| SETS |
| CLOB |
| LEADING |
| SIZE |
| COLLATION |
| LESS |
| SMALLINT |
| COMPLETION |
| LEVEL |
| SPACE |
| CONNECT |
| LIMIT |
| SPECIFIC |
| CONNECTION |
| LOCAL |
| SPECIFICTYPE |
| CONSTRAINTS |
| LOCALTIME |
| SQL |
| CONSTRUCTOR |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP |
| SQLEXCEPTION |
| CORRESPONDING |
| LOCATOR |
| SQLSTATE |
| CUBE |
| MAP |
| SQLWARNING |
| CURRENT_PATH |
| MATCH |
| START |
| CURRENT_ROLE |
| MINUTE |
| STATE |
| CYCLE |
| MODIFIES |
| STATEMENT |
| DATA |
| MODIFY |
| STATIC |
| DATE |
| MODULE |
| STRUCTURE |
| DAY |
| MONTH |
| TEMPORARY |
| DEC |
| NAMES |
| TERMINATE |
| DECIMAL |
| NATURAL |
| THAN |
| DEFERRABLE |
| NCHAR |
| TIME |
| DEFERRED |
| NCLOB |
| TIMESTAMP |
| DEPTH |
| NEW |
| TIMEZONE_HOUR |
| DEREF |
| NEXT |
| TIMEZONE_MINUTE |
| DESCRIBE |
| NO |
| TRAILING |
| DESCRIPTOR |
| NONE |
| TRANSLATION |
| DESTROY |
| NUMERIC |
| TREAT |
| DESTRUCTOR |
| OBJECT |
| TRUE |
| DETERMINISTIC |
| OLD |
| UNDER |
| DICTIONARY |
| ONLY |
| UNKNOWN |
| DIAGNOSTICS |
| OPERATION |
| UNNEST |
| DISCONNECT |
| ORDINALITY |
| USAGE |
| DOMAIN |
| OUT |
| USING |
| DYNAMIC |
| OUTPUT |
| VALUE |
| EACH |
| PAD |
| VARCHAR |
| END-EXEC |
| PARAMETER |
| VARIABLE |
| EQUALS |
| PARAMETERS |
| WHENEVER |
| EVERY |
| PARTIAL |
| WITHOUT |
| EXCEPTION |
| PATH |
| WORK |
| EXTERNAL |
| POSTFIX |
| WRITE |
| FALSE |
| PREFIX |
| YEAR |
| FIRST |
| PREORDER |
| ZONE |
| FLOAT |
| PREPARE |
